第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識
一、重點(diǎn)單詞和詞組
1毒品 14。聯(lián)系、關(guān)系、關(guān)聯(lián)
2. 癌癥15. 違法的、不合法的
3. 香煙16. 治療
4. 煙草、煙絲17. 可能的
5. （煙草等）上癮的18. 成人
6. 危險(xiǎn)19.不同意、意見不合
7. 上癮的人、癮君子20 禁止
8. 針管、針21. 令人不快的、極討厭的
9. 有力的、有功效的22. 影響、對……有壞影響
10．減少23. 參與者、參加者
11．附近的24. 認(rèn)識、認(rèn)知、認(rèn)出
12．盜竊、盜竊罪25. 慢跑
13．罪行、犯罪行為26. 體操的
二 詞組
1．由于……的原因 2。結(jié)果
3．死于……內(nèi)因4。死于……外因
5．給某人帶來/引起……6。導(dǎo)致/促使某人做某事
7．與……有關(guān)聯(lián)/與……有關(guān)系8。對……上癮的
9．闖入/破門而入10。處于……危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)中
11．脫離……的危險(xiǎn)12。增加到……
13．增加了……14。給……注射……
15．減少到/了……16。習(xí)慣于做某事
17．被用來做某事18。過去常常做某事
19．繼續(xù)做某事20。給某人提供某物
21．主動提出做某事22。和某人分享某物
23．為了……的目的24。抱著……的目的
25．故意地26。允許某人做某事
27．允許做某事28。某人力所不能及/夠不著
29．向某人要某物30。太……以致于……
31．處于極度痛苦中32。從……偷某物
33．從……搶某物34．采納某人的意見
35給某人提出建議 36．征求某人的意見
37建議某人做某事 38．建議做某事
39吸毒 40．列出……的清單
41．拒絕做某事42.提高價(jià)格
43．違法44。做調(diào)查
45確定日期 46在未來
47從今以后 48 三個(gè)、幾個(gè)
三 重點(diǎn)句子：
1. During the 1990s, 21 million people died as a result of smoking cigarette.
在二十世紀(jì)九十年代，有兩千一百萬人由于吸煙而死去。
as a result of… 由于……的結(jié)果 The accident happened as a result of carelessness
result in …導(dǎo)致 Carelessness resulted in the accident.
result from… 由……引起 The accident resulted from carelessness.
2. Thirteen people die every hour from illness related to smoking tobacco, such as cancer, bronchitis and heart disease. 每小時(shí)有十三人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病，像癌癥，支氣管炎，心臟病。
be related to…與……有關(guān)
He’s related to the King.
It’s a matter related to his fame.
The plan related to the project is under discussion.
3. I’m nineteen years old and I used to be a drug addict.我十九歲，曾經(jīng)是個(gè)癮君子。
4. Users who inject the drug are also in more danger if they share needles with other users.
如果那些注射毒品的人和其他吸毒者共用針頭的話，他們會面臨更多的危險(xiǎn)。
5. The next day, I broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder.
第二天，我闖進(jìn)了一戶人家，偷了一臺電視機(jī)和一臺錄像機(jī)。
break into v.t 闖入，破門而入 ，打斷，突然……起來
break in v.i 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，插話，打斷
The man found his house broken in when he cane home.
The crowd broke into laughter.
He kept broke in with silly questions.
6. Now I work in a center for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.
現(xiàn)在我為一家戒毒中心工作，幫助其它人戒毒。
7. Participants learn to recognize smoking triggers (things that start them smoking) and try to
set a date in the future when they will stop smoking.
參加者認(rèn)清了引起吸煙的刺激物，他們設(shè)法確定一個(gè)將來戒煙的日期
8. I think it would be good if they banned smoking in restaurants and cafes as well.
我認(rèn)為如果在飯店和咖啡廳也禁煙將會好些
9. UK teenagers are taking up two five times more illegal drugs, for example, ecstasy tablets and cannabis, than in other European countries.
英國的青少年使用的違禁藥品。例如搖頭丸和大麻，比其它的歐洲國家多五倍。
10. Do you think you would follow this advice if you were a smoker?
你認(rèn)為假如你是一個(gè)吸煙者，你會遵循這個(gè)建議嗎？
11.Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.
選一個(gè)忙碌的讓自己無暇考慮吸煙而又放松的時(shí)間。
四 語法： 目的狀語
to do
in order to do
so as to do
不定式短語作目的狀語，主要用來修飾動詞，表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的，邏輯主語通常是句子的主語，為了使目的意義更加清楚或強(qiáng)調(diào)，還可在前面加上in order(句首，句末)或so as（句中）
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.
I’ve written it down in order not to forget.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
The teachers are using new methods for students to make progress.
結(jié)果狀語從句
結(jié)果狀語從句主要由so that, so…that, such…that等引導(dǎo)。在so…that結(jié)構(gòu)中，so后面跟形容詞或副詞；在such…that結(jié)構(gòu)中，such后面跟名詞。
e.g He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.
他做了錯誤的決定，結(jié)果毀了半生。
He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.
他講的故事非常有趣，我們都哈哈大笑。
注意下列幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：
1. So+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that
e.g. It was so hot a day that even the crops withered.
天氣極度炎熱，連莊稼都枯萎了。
2. such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that
e.g. It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice.
這是一部很有趣的電影，我看了兩次。
3. So+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that
e.g. He had so many things to do that he was busy all day long.\
他事務(wù)繁雜，整天忙的不可開交。
4. So+much/little +不可數(shù)名詞+that
e.g. He earned so little money that he could barely support his family.
他掙錢很少，幾乎養(yǎng)活不了一家人。
注：so/such放在句首引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，主句動詞與主語倒裝
e.g. So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him clearly.
So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.
工人們這么快就干完了，結(jié)果他們得了獎金。
補(bǔ)充：名詞詞組中的such和so 分類
such和so兩個(gè)單詞的中文意思相近，學(xué)生在使用時(shí)很容易混淆。其實(shí)，這兩個(gè)單詞的用法并不相同，首先要注意的是，兩個(gè)單詞的詞性不同；such為形容詞，意思是“這（那）樣的；這（那）種；如此的”，主要用來修飾名詞；例如：
No such thing has ever happened.
I have never seen such a beautiful place before.
而so是副詞，意思為“這（那）么；這（那）樣；如此地”，主要用來修飾形容詞、副詞和分詞。例如：
Last time I saw him he was so fat!
He was not so much angry as disappointed.
但是，such和so都可以用于名詞詞組。本文主要介紹一下它們在名詞詞組中的用法。
一、后接可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式
1、直接跟名詞時(shí)，用such；例如：
However did you make such a mistake?
I have never heard of such a thing.
Why are you in such a hurry?
注意：當(dāng)such前面有no時(shí)，必須省去不定冠詞a(an)，因?yàn)閚o such本身已經(jīng)包括了不定冠詞，相當(dāng)于not such a(an)；例如：
I have no such book. (= I haven’t such a book.)
2、跟帶形容詞的名詞時(shí)，既可以用such，也可以用so，但應(yīng)注意冠詞位置的不同，例如：
I have never seen such a tall man.
I have never seen so tall a man.
He is not such a clever boy as his brother.
He is not so clever a boy as his brother.
二、后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式或集合名詞，無論有無修飾語都用such，例如：
Such things often happen in our daily life.
Such people are dangerous.
Whales are such smart animals that they communicate with each other.
He made such stupid mistakes that the teacher tore up the whole paper.
三、后接不可數(shù)名詞，無論有無修飾語都用such，例如：
Did you ever see such weather?
You can’t drink such hot milk.
She made such rapid progress that she soon began to write articles in English.
四、當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞或集合名詞之前有few，many；不可數(shù)名詞之前有l(wèi)ittle，much修飾時(shí)，用so，例如：
so many people / so many students / so few days
so much time / so much money / so little time等。
注意：上述詞組中的so實(shí)際上修飾名詞前的形容詞。試比較下列兩句：
①I have met many such people in my life.
②I didn’t expect to meet so many people there.
上述兩句中都有many，但卻分別用了such和so，其位置不同，因此含義也不同。在①中，many和such同時(shí)修飾后面的名詞；而②句中的so修飾的則是many。
五、當(dāng)many、much、little、few單獨(dú)作為名詞使用時(shí)，用so；例如：
There are so few that I can’t give you one.
This is the girl I have told you so much about.
So much for today.
六、such可以和all、some、other、another、one、no、many、any、few、several等詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞，但它的位置通常是放在這些詞的后面，例如：
All such possibilities must be considered.
I need some such cards.
One such dictionary is enough for me.
We have had several such Chinese paintings already.
I hope never to meet with another such accident.
第二部分：英語知識運(yùn)用
一 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not_________ a native speaker.
A. as fluent asB. more fluent than C. so fluently asD. much fluently than
2. The flu is believed _________ by viruses that like to produce in the cells inside the human
nose and throat.
A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have caused
3. The flowers________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt
4. The disc digitally______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded
5. The teacher told him to speak louder_______ by everybody.
A. so as to be heardB. so as to hearC. in order that heardD. in order to hear
6. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,______ it more difficult.
A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make
7. Harry could do nothing but_______to his parents that he was wrong.
A. admitB. admittedC. admittingC. to admit
8. He let me repeat his instruction____sure that I understood what was_____ after he went away.
A. to make; to be doneB. making; doingC. to make; to doD. making; to do
9. So quickly_______ their work that they were given a house.
A. that finishedB. did they finishC. did they finishedD. they did finish
10. ---Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?
---________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.
A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting
11. We had an informal talk with Mr. Li in_______ with the preparation for this meeting.
A. relationB. relationshipC. connectionD. relating
12. I think we are________ to get a certain offer from him because he is often generous to us.
A. possibleB. probablyC. impossibleD. likely
13. In Britain, sales of cigarettes have been reduced______ 30% in the past ten years.
A. forB. toC. fromD. by
14. Three fifths of the cattle_______ sold abroad in the city.
A. hasB. has beenC. haveD. have been
15. ---I thought I’d try to repair the car myself.
---____! You know nothing about the car.
A. That’ all rightB. You can’t be serious C. Absolutely D. It’s nothing serious
16.---John, how about going for a picnic?
--- I’d love to, but I can’t afford the time. I have to change my plan again which___my boss.
A. agrees withB. disagrees withC. is difficultD. relates to
17. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within________ of little children.
A. hardB. reachC. spaceD. distance
18. There was________ time_______ I hated to go to school
A. a; thatB. a; whenC. the; thatD. the; when
19. It was________ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didn’t go
20. There are two buildings,________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the largerB. the larger of them C. the larger one thatD. the larger of which
二 單詞拼寫
1. Smoking is a ______________________(危險(xiǎn)) to health.
2. He was ___________________（嚴(yán)重）injured in an accident.
3. The production of this year has been (減少)__________________by 20%
4. His dismissal has no _________________（聯(lián)系）with the quality of his work..
5. The thief was arrested for committing__________________(盜竊)。
6. This accident caused many_________________(死亡)
7. The doctor’s _________________（治療）cured him.
8. There were many scientist all around the world__________ (有關(guān))to the research on finding aliens in outer space.
9. Every year a lot of people die as a result of smoking___________________(香煙)。
10. He is______________________(可能的)to come tomorrow.
三 翻譯下列句子：
1. 我不能將他與這起謀殺案聯(lián)系起來。
________________________________________________________________________
2。他熱衷于搖滾樂。
_______________________________________________________________________
3。醫(yī)生說他的生命已經(jīng)脫離危險(xiǎn)了。
_______________________________________________________________________
4。孩子們對計(jì)算機(jī)游戲上了癮。
______________________________________________________________________
5。政府正在考慮禁止在公共交通工具上吸煙。
______________________________________________________________________
6. 氣候的突變可能影響你的健康。
_____________________________________________________________________
7.家里食物幾乎沒了，我們得出去買些。
__________________________________________________________________
8. 桂林是座很美麗的城市，每年都有上千萬的游客來參觀.
___________________________________________________________________
四 閱讀表達(dá)
“Welcome to come” instead of “Welcome”, “Receives the silver” rather than “Cashier”. These are just two examples of the more than 1,000 mistakes turned up by a recent movement to clean up incorrect English usage in Beijing.
Beijing government is trying to clean up such mistakes in English usage, sometimes called “Chinglish”, before an expected 500,000 foreigners arrive for the 2008 Olympics
“Some of the translations in China aren’t clear or even polite,”. Said Liu Yang , director general of the Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Program.
In one month about 400 mistakes of English usage were found out and submitted(提交) to the campaign organized by a local newspaper.
“The activity was a good chance for locals to contribute to the Beijing 2008 Olympic games,” said Beijing resident , who pointed out 101 mistakes to the organizing committee. “ At the same time, it also encouraged us to learn more and raise our English level. I hope through our efforts Beijing will be a real metropolis (大都市) to receive visitors from the world during the 2008 Olympic games.”
A group of experts from home and abroad worked on standardizing English expressions in almost all fields, including tourism.
The standard of Beijing taxi drivers’ oral English is also being tackled. Today there are four rounds of English- learning programs on the radio every day for taxi drivers to learn simple English and some training courses are also being held.
1. What’s the best title for the passage ? (Please answer within 10 words.)
___________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following sentence?
Through this program local people in Beijing can have a chance to serve for the 2008 Olympics.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blanks in the 6th paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What is Chinglish ? What is your viewpoint towards Chinglish cleaning-up in Beijing ? ( please answer within 30 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
Module 2
第一部分
詞匯答案：1.drug cancer cigarette tobacco addictive danger addict needle powerful reduce nearby burglary crime connection illegal cure likely adult disagree ban horrible affect participant recognize jogging gymnastic
詞組答案：1 as a result of , 2 as a result ,3 die of ,4 die from ,5 cause sb. sth.6 Cause sb. To do , 7be connected with ,8 be addicted to , 9 break into , 10in danger , 11out of danger , 12 increase to ,13 increase by ,14 inject sth. into sb. ,15 reduce to (by) ,16 be used to doing, 17 be used to do 18 used to do 19continue doing 20 supply sth. to sb. 21 offer to do 22 share sth. with sb. 23 for the purpose of 24 with the purpose of 25on purpose 26allow sb. to so sth. 27 allow sb. doing 28out of one’s reach 29 ask sb. for … 30 enough to do 31in great pain 32 steal sth. from 33 rob sb. of sth. 34take / follow one’s advice 35give sb. some advice 36ask for sb’s advice 37 advise sb. to do 38suggest doing 39 take drugs 40make a list of 41 refuse to do 42 raise the price
第二部分
一：答案： 1-5CCBAA 6-10 BAABC 11-15CDDDB 16-20 BBBCD
二：答案：1.danger 2. seriously 3.reduced 4. connection 5. burglary 6. deaths 7. cured 8. related 9 cigarettes 10 likely
三：答案：
1. I just can’t relate him to this murder.
2. He was addicted to Rock Music.
3. The doctor said that his life was out of danger.
4. The children are addicted to computer games.
5. The government is thinking about banning smoking on public transport.
6. The sudden change in climate may affect your health.
7. There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.
Guilin is so beautiful a city that thousands of visitors come to visit it each year.
四 ：答案：
1. Beijing cleans up its “Chinglish ”
2. “The activity was a good chance for locals to contribute to the Beijing 2008 Olympic games,”
3. business; transportation
4. Chinglish is the incorrect English used by Chinese people. Cleaning up Chinglish in Beijing can encourage people to learn English and raise their English level.
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相關(guān)閱讀：Unit 2 The environment單元復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案
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