掌握好的學(xué)習(xí)方法非常重要,下面內(nèi)容初三英語指點(diǎn):that的各種用法,希望能給您帶來一定幫助。
初三英語指點(diǎn):that的各種用法
一提到“that”,同學(xué)們感到再熟悉不過了,但是從小學(xué)就學(xué)過的“that”對(duì)于初三的同學(xué)來說已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)不只是指示代詞了。剛學(xué)完的定語從句中少不了它,初二時(shí)學(xué)的賓語從句中也有它,更有甚者,在課本中還經(jīng)�?吹�“It is…that…”這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。出現(xiàn)頻率如此之高,使同學(xué)們看到它感到茫然,“這個(gè)‘that’是哪個(gè)‘that’呢?它在句中起什么作用呢?”下面我們就來談?wù)勥@個(gè)既熟悉又陌生的“that”:
一、在定語從句中作關(guān)系代詞
1.We are doing a project about countries that we want to visit.此句中,that作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句 “that we want to visit”修飾前面的先行詞 “countries”。那么“countries”就有了一個(gè)修飾限定的成分“we want to visit”,意為“我們想要參觀的國家”。又如:
2.Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday?that作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句“that talked to you yesterday”修飾前面的先行詞 “girl”。那么“girl”就有了一個(gè)修飾限定的成分“that talked to you yesterday”,意為“昨天你和她談話的那個(gè)女孩”。
通過以上兩句我們可以看出that引導(dǎo)的定語從句要置于所修飾的先行詞之后,并且that在定語從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。在句1中,that作visit的賓語;在句2中,that作talk的主語。另外在句1中,that指代物,句2中that指代人。
二、在賓語從句中作連接詞
1.I have to imagine that I‘ve been there, and that I’m writing a letter to Mum and you.此句中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)that后面的這個(gè)長長的句子不能修飾限定前面的動(dòng)詞“imagine”,而是變成了動(dòng)詞“imagine”的賓語。that起到連接作用,在從句中并不充當(dāng)句子成分。又如:
2.Tom told me that he would have a party this weekend.閱讀此句,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)“he would have a party this weekend”這部分同“me”一樣是謂語動(dòng)詞“told”的賓語。一個(gè)完整的句子作賓語,在復(fù)合句中稱它為賓語從句,而that正是在主句和從句之間,起到一個(gè)連接作用。
以上兩個(gè)例句中的that不同于定語從句中的that.它們?cè)趶木渲胁怀洚?dāng)句子成分。如果把它們省略掉不影響句子的理解,所以在口語中經(jīng)常省略。還有一個(gè)顯著的不同就是看that前面的詞的詞性,如果是名詞或代詞,那么其后的that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句;如果是動(dòng)詞,那么其后的that引導(dǎo)的就是賓語從句。大家可以根據(jù)以上兩點(diǎn)來加以判斷。
最后讓我們來看看含有that的一個(gè)特殊句式——強(qiáng)調(diào)句It‘s…that/who…。這個(gè)句式同學(xué)們會(huì)在高中進(jìn)行深入的學(xué)習(xí),但是在初中英語三年級(jí)上冊(cè)課本Module 6 Save our world 和Module 9 Cartoon stories中都出現(xiàn)了這個(gè)句式。下面我們就對(duì)它進(jìn)行一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的了解——這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式可以對(duì)除謂語以外的任何句子成分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)哪部分就將這部分置于 “It’s”和 “that”之間。如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語則將 “that”改為“who”。例如:
1.It‘s also at home that we save energy and recycle…在家里我們也要節(jié)約能源并再利用…這個(gè)句子中所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語 “at home”,所以把它放在“It’s”和“that”之間。再如:
2.But it‘s above all the jokes played by the monkey that people remember. 但是正是那些猴子做的惡作劇是人們記憶深刻的。這個(gè)句子中賓語——“那些猴子做的惡作劇”是強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象,所以把“the jokes played by the monkey”放在“It’s”和 “that”之間。又如:
3.It‘s Mary who wants to see you soon.想要盡快見到你的人是瑪麗(不是別人)。這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)主語Mary,所以把它放在“It’s”和 “who”之間。通過以上三個(gè)例句我們可以看出“It‘s…that/who…”就是一個(gè)句式,并無具體實(shí)在意義,如果去掉這個(gè)句式,我們也能理解句子的意思,但對(duì)所強(qiáng)調(diào)成分的理解程度則遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。
下面的句子中包含以上分析的三種句子,請(qǐng)大家判斷一下它們分別屬于哪一種。
1.His bike that he borrowed from his uncle was stolen last night.
2.My father told me that he would go to Japan the next month.
3.It‘s this house that he wants to live in.
4.It successfully shows the rich culture that makes Beijing so famous.
5.I do not like the people that were never on time.
6.Nobody knows that he came from a small village.
7.It’s in their classroom that they will have a party.
8.The letter that I received yesterday is from my sister.
9.He is the finest man that I have ever worked with.
10.It‘s a new computer that his mother bought for him yesterday.
11.Is there anything else that you want to say?
12.He said that he had been a teacher in this school for three years already.
13.We hoped that he would come back before all the guests left.
14.It‘s on 12th September that he joined the army.
參考答案1、4、5、8、9、11是定語從句;2、6、12、13是賓語從句;3、7、10、14是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
本文來自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.simonabridal.com/chusan/123063.html
相關(guān)閱讀:初三備考建議:身體健康 學(xué)習(xí)精力旺盛
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