肯定句的概念:
句子中不含否定詞的就稱為肯定句?隙ň涞幕窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),陳述句的肯定形式分兩種,一種為正常語(yǔ)序,一種為倒裝語(yǔ)序。
例如:I have heard a lot that way.
In front of the car was Mike.
用于肯定句的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu):
1、already:
在通常情況下,already(已經(jīng))主要用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。
如:誤:He hasn' tarrived already.
正:He hasn't arrived yet. 他還沒(méi)有到。
注:有時(shí)用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中,主要表示驚訝。
如:Is he back already? 他怎么就回來(lái)了。
Haven't you seen him already? 難道你還沒(méi)見(jiàn)到好?
2、excellent:
excellent意為“極好的”,含有絕對(duì)無(wú)疑的意思,通常只用于肯定句,不用于否定句。
如:誤:The film is not excellent.
正:The film is not very good. 這部電影不是很好。
注:excellent通常也不用于疑問(wèn)句、條件句等。
3、hurry up:
hurry up主要用于肯定句(尤其是肯定的祈使句),一般不用于否定句。在否定句中,用hurry即可。
如:誤:Don't hurry up; we have enough time.
正:Don't hurry; we have enough time. 別急,我們有的是時(shí)間。
4、plenty(of):
在通常情況下,plenty(of)用于肯定句中,而不用于否定句中。
如:誤:Have you plenty of food for the holidays?
正:Have you enough food for the holidays? 你有足夠的食物供假期里吃嗎?
注:在否定句或疑問(wèn)中用enough, much, many等代之。具體地說(shuō),疑問(wèn)句中通常用enough代替,否定句中通常用much,many代替。
比較:There is plenty of time. 時(shí)間還很多。
There isn't much time. 時(shí)間不多了。
Is there enough time? 時(shí)間還夠嗎?
5、some:
在通常情況下,some用于肯定句中,在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中要用any代之。
如:誤:I haven't some question to ask.
正:I haven't any question to ask. 我沒(méi)有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)。
注:some有時(shí)也用于否定句,那多半有某種特殊的原因。
比較:I don't like any of the books. 這些書(shū)中我一本也不喜歡。
I don't like some of the books. 這些書(shū)中有幾本我不喜歡。
I don't like some one of the books. 這些書(shū)中某一本我不喜歡。
另外,some有時(shí)也可用于疑問(wèn)句,如希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句,或表示請(qǐng)求或建議等。
如:May I have some paper? 我可以拿些紙嗎?
Why not give her some flowers? 為什么不給她送些花呢?
表示“也”的副詞also, too, as well通常不用于否定句,而主要用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句。
如:誤:I don't like the film too.
誤:I don't also like the film as well.
誤:I don't like the film as well.
正:I don't like the film either. 我也不喜歡這部電影。
注:also和too有時(shí)可用于肯定句后所接的否定句中,表示“沒(méi)有也……”。
如: Heleftbutshedidn’talsoleave.他走了,但她沒(méi)有也一起走。
He bought a computer, but she didn't too. 他買了臺(tái)電腦,但她沒(méi)有也買臺(tái)電腦。
另外,在正式文體中,also, too有時(shí)可用于否定詞之前。
如:I also don't like it. 我也不喜歡它。
I, too, have never met anyone like him.我也是,沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)和他一樣的人。
相關(guān)高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn):一般疑問(wèn)句
相關(guān)高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn):選擇疑問(wèn)句
一般疑問(wèn)句的概念:
就全句提出問(wèn)題,希望對(duì)方給予肯定或否定答復(fù)的問(wèn)句,叫做一般疑問(wèn)句。回答時(shí)要用Yes或No來(lái)開(kāi)頭,句末用問(wèn)號(hào),朗讀時(shí)用升調(diào)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他成分?
一般疑問(wèn)句用法要點(diǎn):
一、一般疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu):
1、如果謂語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be,將這些詞移到主語(yǔ)之前。
如:Can you dance? 你會(huì)跳舞嗎?
Will he go there tomorrow? 他明天去那里?
Are you a student? 你是學(xué)生嗎?
2、如果謂語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be,就在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞do(does、did),原來(lái)的動(dòng)詞都用原形。
如:Do you like English? 你喜歡英語(yǔ)嗎?
Does your brother like English? 你的兄弟喜歡英語(yǔ)嗎?
Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得好嗎?
注:have做助動(dòng)詞時(shí),將其移至主語(yǔ)前;作“有”解時(shí)也可以將其移至主語(yǔ)前;不是作“有”解的為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),其疑問(wèn)式和其他行為動(dòng)詞一樣要在主語(yǔ)前加do(does、did)。
如:Has he gone to England? 他到英國(guó)去了?
Have you(=Do you have)a car? 你有汽車嗎?
Do you have lunch at school? 你是在學(xué)校吃中飯的嗎?
二、一般疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略回答:
如:?Can you swim? 你會(huì)游泳嗎?
?Yes, I can.(No, I can't)會(huì)。(不會(huì))
?Have you finished your work? 你工作做完了嗎?
?Yes, I have.(No, I haven't.)做完了。(還沒(méi)有。)
?Is this your pen? 這是你的鋼筆嗎??
?Yes, it is. (No, it isn't)是的。(不是。)
三、一般疑問(wèn)句的否定形式:
當(dāng)說(shuō)話人或是期待肯定的回答或是不期待對(duì)方的回答時(shí)用否定式。其結(jié)構(gòu),在口語(yǔ)里,總是把not與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be縮略成一個(gè)詞;有時(shí)也將not放在主語(yǔ)后。
如:Can't you see the kite? 難道你看不到那個(gè)風(fēng)箏?
Don't you like playing football? 難道你不喜歡踢足球?
Aren't you(=Are you not)aYoung Pioneer?難道你不是少先隊(duì)員?
四、注意否定疑問(wèn)句的回答:
英語(yǔ)的yes和no是對(duì)答語(yǔ)的肯定或否定,而不是對(duì)問(wèn)句的肯定或否定,所以只要答語(yǔ)是肯定的,就用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”,答語(yǔ)是否定的,就用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。這與漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣不同。
如:?Won't he go to the hospital? 難道他不去醫(yī)院了?
?Yes, he will. (No, he won't.)不,他去。(是的,他不去。)
?Can't you speak English? 你難道不會(huì)講英語(yǔ)嗎?
?Yes, I can. (No, I can't.)不,我會(huì)。(是的,我不會(huì))
五、陳述句語(yǔ)序的一般問(wèn)句:
這種疑問(wèn)句指望對(duì)方作出肯定的答復(fù),其疑問(wèn)意思由句末的升調(diào)來(lái)表達(dá)。
如:You want to see him? 你想見(jiàn)他?
I think they have asked for better pay again? 我想他們又要求加工資了吧?
不用yes或者no回答的一般疑問(wèn)句:
用yes或no回答的疑問(wèn)句叫做一般疑問(wèn)句。但一般疑問(wèn)句并不一定都用yes或no來(lái)回答,請(qǐng)看下面幾種情況。
一、對(duì)別人的問(wèn)話表示同意時(shí),用yes回答固然可以,但如果更直截了當(dāng)?shù)鼗卮饡r(shí),可以不用yes。
1:Jim:Do you want a go?
Ling:OK, thanks.
2:Teacher:Could you take it to the classroom?
Liu Ming:Certainly.
3:Meimei:May I come then?
Ann:Sure!Work must come first!
注:ctrtainly多用于英國(guó)英語(yǔ),而sure多用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。
如:Ann:May I go with you?
WeiHua:Why not?His home isn't far from here. Let's go.
二、對(duì)于別人提問(wèn)的情況似乎知道,但回答時(shí)又沒(méi)有多大把握時(shí),可以用提問(wèn)的方式、商量的口氣或其他方式回答對(duì)方。
1、Meimei:Where's Wuhan?Do you know?
Lily:Er, is it in Hebei?
2、A:Is it in the box?
B:Let me have a look. Oh, here it is.
3、WeiHua:Is it ready now?
UncleWant:Come and look.
三、有些問(wèn)題的答語(yǔ)不宜模棱兩可,需要準(zhǔn)確具體,否則,可能會(huì)引起別人的誤解。
如:Wang:Can you speak Chinese?
Jim:Only a little.
注:若用yes回答,別人會(huì)認(rèn)為你的漢語(yǔ)不錯(cuò)。
四、為了使回答顯得委婉、客氣、往往不采用yes來(lái)十分肯定自己的看法,也不用no來(lái)斷然否定別人的意見(jiàn),說(shuō)話往往留有余地而禮貌謙恭。
1、A:Can you mend it?
B:I think so. Let me see.
2、A:Do you have a big piece, please?
B:Sorry, I don't.
3、Kate:Isthekitebroken?
Jim:I don't think so.
五、樂(lè)意或拒絕接受對(duì)方的邀請(qǐng)或要求時(shí),不用yes或no,當(dāng)拒絕或有不同的看法時(shí),要婉言謝絕或提出自己的看法。
1、Ann:Would you like to come to supper?
Meimei:Oh, thank you!I would love to!But I must ask my parents first.
2、Jim:Shall we go to the park?
LinTao:Good idea!When shall we meet?
3、LiLei:Could I speak to Jim, please?
Kate:I'm afraid he's out at the moment.
4、LiLei:Oh!Is that a ball?Aren't all balls round?
Sam:Not in the USA.
5、A:Shall we meet at half past two?
B:All right.
六、在回答有些問(wèn)題時(shí),若回答者不愿或不便表明自己的態(tài)度,也往往不用yes或no作正面的回答。
1、A:Do you like doing housework?
B:I don't know.
2、A:Where're Lucy's pencils?Are they on her desk?
B:I can't see.
本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.simonabridal.com/gaozhong/304803.html
相關(guān)閱讀:高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn):賓語(yǔ)從句