巧解分詞做狀語(yǔ)

編輯: 路逍遙 關(guān)鍵詞: 復(fù)習(xí)方法 來(lái)源: 逍遙右腦記憶

高繼英 山西古縣一中英語(yǔ)組 20142400

巧解分詞作狀語(yǔ)

分詞作狀語(yǔ)是高考題中?伎键c(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn),許多學(xué)生在這方面把握不準(zhǔn)而丟分。為此作者總結(jié)以下幾點(diǎn)供大家參考。

1. 明概念  

要明確現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的基本表示意思:現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行的意思,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成的意思。

2. 找邏輯  

要找到分詞和句子主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)二者的具體邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)選擇相應(yīng)的分詞:如是主動(dòng)關(guān)系則用現(xiàn)在分詞,被動(dòng)關(guān)系則用過(guò)去分詞。如果分詞和句子主語(yǔ)間沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系則要在分詞前加上其相應(yīng)的獨(dú)立主格。

3. 定時(shí)態(tài)  

要辨別分詞與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的動(dòng)作先后關(guān)系,從而采取不同的分詞形式:二者同時(shí)發(fā)生則用分詞的一般式;分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前,則用完成式即having done的形式;正在被動(dòng)用being done的形式,完成被動(dòng)用:having been done的形式;

4. 認(rèn)否定  

分詞作狀語(yǔ)的否定形式是在分詞前加not。

實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí):

1. He sent me an e-mail, ______ to get further information.(2000, 上海)

A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope

答案:B

解析:hope與句子主語(yǔ)he是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

2. ______in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United. (2000, 上海)

A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding

答案:C

解析:found與句子主語(yǔ)Harvard是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。B項(xiàng)缺少連詞。

3. _____ such heavy pollution already, it may not be too late to clear up the river. (2001, NMET)

A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

答案:A

解析:suffer與句子主語(yǔ)it是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且根據(jù)already應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。

4. ___________, we were taken to see the library. (西城四月模擬)

A. We had been shown the classroom

B. Being shown the classroom

C. Having been shown the classroom

D. Having shown the classroom

答案:C

解析:本句沒(méi)有連詞所以不能選A。show和句子主語(yǔ)we之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were taken發(fā)生,所以用分詞的完成被動(dòng)式。

5. Finding her car stolen, _________.(2001,上海)

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

答案:D

解析:題干中用了現(xiàn)在分詞,說(shuō)明它與句子主語(yǔ)間應(yīng)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,而所提供的選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)的主語(yǔ)符合這種邏輯要求。

6. The manager, _____his factory’s product were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.(2003,春)

A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being knowing

答案:A

解析:know與句子主語(yǔ)the manager是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞無(wú)先后關(guān)系。

7. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.(2003,北京)

A. Having given B. To give 學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃 C. Giving D. Given

答案:D

解析:give與句子主語(yǔ)he是被動(dòng)關(guān)系且與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有先后關(guān)系。

8. _____ in the queue half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(2014,北京)

A. To wait B. Having waited C. Have waited D. To have waited

答案:B

解析:wait與主語(yǔ)Tom是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。

9. _____ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(2014,廣東)

A. Not completing B. Not completed

C. Not having completed D. Having not completed

答案:C

解析:complete與句子主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有明顯的先后關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式應(yīng)將not放在分詞前,故答案為C。

10. ________, we’ll go camping tomorrow. (作者自創(chuàng))

A. Weather permits

B. Permitting

C. Weather permitting

D. If weather will permit

答案:C

解析:A項(xiàng)沒(méi)有連詞if所以不正確;D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤;permit與句子主語(yǔ)we沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)加其相應(yīng)的邏輯主語(yǔ),故C正確。

  


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